random_spheres#

random_spheres(im_or_shape: array, r: int, volume_fraction: int = 1, clearance: int = 0, protrusion: int = 0, n_max: int = 100000, edges: str = 'contained', return_spheres: bool = False, smooth: bool = True, seed: Optional[int] = None)[source]#

Generates a sphere or disk packing using Random Sequential Addition

Parameters:

im_or_shape (ndarray or list) – To provide flexibility, this argument accepts either an image into which the spheres are inserted, or a shape which is used to create an empty image. In both cases the spheres are added as True values to the background. Since True is considered the pore space, then the added spheres represent holes.
r (int) – The radius of the disk or sphere to insert.
volume_fraction (scalar (default is 1.0)) – The fraction of the image that should be filled with spheres. The spheres are added as True’s, so each sphere addition increases the volume_fraction until the specified limit is reached. Note that if n_max is reached first, then volume_fraction will not be achieved. Also, volume_fraction is not counted correctly if the mode is 'extended'.
clearance (int (optional, default = 0)) – The amount of space to put between each sphere. Negative values are acceptable to create overlaps, so long as abs(clearance) < r.
protrusion (int (optional, default = 0)) – The amount by which inserted spheres are allowed to protrude outside of the given background. If set to 0 (the default) then all spheres will be fully inside the region marked False in the input image. If > 0, then spheres will extend into the region marked True in the input image.
n_max (int (default is 100,000)) – The maximum number of spheres to add. Using a low value may halt the addition process prior to reaching the specified volume_fraction. If None is given, then no limit is used.

edges (string (default is 'contained')) –

Controls how the edges of the image are handled. Options are:

edges	description
’contained’	Spheres are all completely within the image
’extended’	Spheres are allowed to extend beyond the edge of the image. In this mode the volume fraction will be less than requested since some spheres extend beyond the image, but their entire volume is counted as added for computational efficiency.

return_spheres (bool) – If True then an image containing only the spheres is returned rather than the input image with the spheres added, which is the default behavior.
smooth (bool) – Indicates whether balls should have smooth faces (True) or should include the bumps on the extremities (False).
seed (int) – The seed to supply to the random number generators. Because this function uses numba for speed, calling the normal numpy.random.seed(<seed>) has no effect. To get a repeatable image, the seed must be passed to the function so it can be initialized the way numba requires. The default is None, which means each call will produce a new realization.

Returns:

image – An image with spheres of specified radius added to the background.

Return type:

ndarray